Pottery is shaped from clay then fired in high temperature kilns. They are usually fired once on 800-900℃heat, glazed with enamel, then fired again on a higher temperature of 1,300-1,500℃ It is unique in that it produces a clear sound when tapped, and has a clear sheen.
The first documented use of clay on the Korean peninsula was during the Neolithic era. By the Age of the Three Kingdoms (B.C.57-A.D.676), earthenware use in everyday life was common on the peninsula. During the Unified Silla Kingdom (676-935), the shape of earthenware diversified and began to carry decorative patterns.
With the arrival of the Goryeo era (918-1392), earthenware culture evolved into ceramic ware culture. Created by glazing and re-firing once baked earthenware, ceramic ware was superior in its durability, ease of use, and impermeability against water. With the creation of the 'cheongja', a type of clear, pale green hued ceramic, the Goryeo era cemented its place in history as the golden era of Korean ceramics culture. Of the 'cheongja' ceramics, those made using the 'sanggam' method (intricate designs were carved into the vase, and other materials added to the forms) are especially prized for their artistry and beauty- the pinnacle of ceramic making.
Afterwards in the Joseon era (1392-1910), white ceramics called 'baekja' and 'buncheongsagi' made an appearance. Joseon era ceramics were simpler in design than its Goryeo era counterparts, and it was during this time that ceramic making techniques were transferred to Japan.
In modern times, the ceramic making tradition is continued in Icheon, Yeoju, Gwangju, Danyang, Mungyeong, Hadong, Gangjin, and Buan's ceramic villages ('dochon'). Of these, the Icheon Ceramics Village is the largest, occupied by the factories of over 80 companies. Visitors | |
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